AMZ123跨境卖家导航
拖动LOGO到书签栏,立即收藏AMZ123
首页跨境头条文章详情

重磅!美国疾控中心紧急宣布接受N95口罩中国标准!欧盟也同步开启口罩绿色通道!

17283
2020-03-26 20:08
2020-03-26 20:08
17283

近期,欧美口罩的认证和标准成为广大外贸出口和货代物流企业关注的焦点!据搜航网最新获悉,上周,美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)正式发布涉及口罩标准规定的《优化N95口罩供应策略:危机/替代策略》!


CDC宣布接受N95口罩中国标准


这是一个事关所有计划出口美国的外贸物流企业的事件,公告指出:新冠肺炎疫情期间,当N95口罩供给不足时,按下表中标准生产的口罩,是N95口罩合适的替代品。其中包括采用中国标准GB 2626-2006 和GB/T 18664—2002生产的口罩。




Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of N95 Respirators: Crisis/Alternate Strategies


Crisis/Alternate Strategies




These crisis capacity or alternate strategies accompany and build on the conventional and contingency capacity strategies. The following measures are not commensurate with current U.S. standards of care. 


However, individual measures or a combination of these measures may need to be considered during periods of expected or known N95 respirator shortages. It is important to consult with entities that include some combination of: local healthcare coalitions, federal, state, or local public health officials, appropriate state agencies that are managing the overall emergency response related to COVID-19, and state crisis standards of care committees. 


Even when state/local healthcare coalitions or public health authorities can shift resources between health care facilities, these strategies may still be necessary.




目前在疫情期间,进入美国市场都需要进口商向FDA申请获取口罩的紧急使用资质,符合以下标准的N95口罩,可以简化原美国FDA注册流程以及NIOSH的检测流程,快速投入使用


国家

执行标准

可接受的产品等级

标准/指导文件

防护系数≥ 10

澳大利亚

AS/NZS

1716:2012

P3

P2

AS/NZS 1715:2009

YES

巴西

ABNT/NBR 13698:2011

PFF3

PFF2

Fundacentro CDU 614.894

YES

中国

GB 2626-2006

KN100 

KP100

KN95 

KP95

GB/T 18664—2002

YES

欧盟

EN 149-2001

FFP3

FFP2

EN 529:2005

YES

日本

JMHLW-2000

DS/DL3

DS/DL2

JIS T8150: 2006

YES

韩国

KMOEL-2017-64

Special

1st

KOSHA GUIDE H-82-2015

YES

墨西哥

NOM-116-2009

N100, P100,

R100,N99,

P99, R99,

N95, P95, 

R95

NOM-116

YES

美国NIOSH要求

NIOSH approved
42 CFR 84

N100, P100,

R100,N99,

P99, R99,

N95, P95,

R95

OSHA 29CFR1910.134

YES

表格来源深圳海关官网


早前,美国副总统彭斯在3月5日新闻发布会上告诉大家,“除非病了,否则无需购买口罩”。



这真是啪啪的打脸,但也给国内口罩生产商和贸易企业创造了出口机会,而且美国也已取消口罩等部分防疫产品的关税加征。


欧盟开启口罩绿色通道


不仅美国,同样深陷新冠肺炎疫情的欧洲,同样特事特办,紧急开通了口罩类防疫物资的绿色通道。


近日,欧美紧急放宽口罩等防疫物资准入要求(CE认证和FDA认证),需要机构认证的产品在完成合规性评估程序之前(即取得CE/FDA标志之前)可以先出口,但是要确保认证工作会继续完成。


欧盟成员国主管当局可在疫情期间评估和集中采购没有CE标记的防疫产品,该产品仅可以提供给医护人员使用,不能在市场上流通销售。如果你的产品不是政府集中采购,且要在当地市场上销售的,则不属于上述放宽准入的条件范围。


2020年3月13日,欧盟会员会在欧洲官方杂志( Official Journal of the EuropeanUnion)发布了疫情期间针对医疗器械和个人防护用品 (PPE)的符合性评价和市场监督程序的建议。


医疗器械方面


◆如果市场监督机构确定产品符合医疗器械的基本安全和性能要求,即使其符合性评价还未完成,市场监督机构可以允许其在一定的时间内进行销售,同时该产品必须继续完成其符合性评价过程。


◆成员国主管当局也可在疫情期间评估和组织采购没有CE标记的医疗器械,该产品仅可提供给医疗工作者使用,不能在市场上流通销售。同时市场抽查将会重点抽查防疫相关医疗器械,以防止不合格产品导致严重风险。


个人防护用品(PPE)方面:


◆涉及的产品包括抛弃式和可重复使用的口罩、可重复使用的工作服、手套和眼罩等(主要是预防病毒和有害物质的产品)。需要具有PPE法规授权资格的公告机构进行符合性评价。


◆应急审批产品如果不采用PPE法规协调标准作为产品技术要求而采用其它技术要求,比如WHO的推荐要求,须确保采用的技术要求与PPE法规基本健康与安全要求同等防护水平。公告机构对这类采用其它技术要求的PPE产品进行发证时,需要立即通知主管当局和其它PPE法规的公告机构。


◆如果市场监督机构确定产品符合PPE法规的基本健康和安全要求,即使其符合性评价还未完成,市场监督机构可以允许其在一定的时间内进行销售,同时该产品必须继续完成其符合性评价过程。


◆成员国主管当局也可在疫情期间评估和组织采购没有CE标记的PPE产品,该产品仅可提供给医疗工作者使用,不能在市场上流通销售。同时市场抽查将会重点抽查防疫相关PPE产品,以防止不合格产品导致严重风险。


也就是说,只要处于正在进行符合性评估的过程中,就可以在没有CE标志的情况下先行进入欧盟市场。由市场监督部门进行抽查,发现问题再进行处罚。


重点如下!!!

◆成员国可采购安全有效,但没有CE标记的医疗产品;


◆紧急物资专供医疗人员使用,不可在市场上流通;


◆仅疫情期间有效。


关于CE标识

CE标签就像一把巨伞,底下是规定各类产品安全标准、细分到不同材料和生产模式等的各种欧盟指令。自1985年成立以来,它就成为了高质量、高标准和严格执法的标志,缺少这一标志的商品将不予获准进入欧盟市场。


如今CE标识已经成为了全球认可的质量标志,CE标志可以证明该批在欧盟制作或进口至欧盟成员国的产品符合质量标准,满足保护消费者健康、供应链安全和环境可持续发展的要求。



欧盟口罩要求

在欧盟,口罩属于PPE个人防护用品,“危及健康的物质和混合物”。2019年起,欧盟新法规PPE Regulation (EU) 2016/425强制执行,所有出口欧盟的口罩必须在新法规的要求下获得CE认证证书。CE认证证书的有效期是5年左右,一般费用是10000-15000元人民币。


欧盟对于口罩欧洲统一,CE认证的标准包括BSEN140、BSEN14387、BSEN143、BSEN149、BSEN136,其中BSEN149使用多,为可防护微粒的过滤式半口罩,根据测试的粒子穿透率分为P1(FFP1),P2(FFP2),P3(FFP3)三个等级,FFP1低过滤效果≥80%,FFP2低过滤效果≥94%,FFP3低过滤效果≥97%。

FFP2口罩与上文提到的医用防护口罩、KN95口罩、N95口罩过滤效率十分接近。医疗口罩必须遵循BSEN14683标准,可以分为三个等级:低标准Type、然后是Type和TypeR。上一个版本是BSEN146832014,已被新版BSEN146832019所取代。EN 14683:2019年版主要的变化之一是压力差,Type、Type、TypeR压力差分别由2014年版的29.4、29.4、49.0Pa/cm,上升至40、40、60Pa/cm。


CE认证是欧盟实行的强制性产品安全认证制度,目的是为了保障欧盟国家人民的生命财产安全。



新手小白可以问自己的发证机构两个问题:

01、贵司是否为NB机构? 机构号是否可以查询?

02、出具的CE证书在官网可查吗?

NB机构可以理解为被欧盟授权或认可的机构。如果CE证书是NB机构发证的,在欧盟就具有一定的效应,清关的风险才会相对较小。


正常情况下,根据欧盟法规,所有出口欧盟的产品都需要获得CE认证,加贴CE标识才能进入欧洲市场。CE认证的审核和发证,欧盟公布了一系列由欧盟统一监管和认证资质授权的机构,并授予每家机构一个唯一的四位数编码即公告号,CE证书的申请和颁发就由对应法规和指令授权的公告号机构颁发。


在欧盟官方网站-欧盟公告机构查询官网,厂家可以查询到目前从0001-2786 两千多家欧盟公告号机构详细信息,每家机构对应的指令和法规授权以及发证机构信息都可在该网站查询到。



附:CE认证查验:

https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/nando/index.cfm?fuseaction=notifiedbody.main


附:FDA查验(出口美国需要FDA和NIOSH):

https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfRL/rl.cfm




近期,大家都在对口罩等医疗物资的欧盟标准犯愁,都是一知半解的状态。在此附上原文查看:



COMMISSION RECOMMENDATION (EU) 2020/403


of 13 March 2020


on conformity assessment and market surveillance procedures within the context of the COVID-19 threat


THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,

Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 292 thereof,

Whereas:


01

In the context of the current COVID-19 global outbreak as well as the rapid spread of the virus across various regions of the EU, the demand for personal protective equipment (hereinafter ‘PPE’) such as face masks, gloves, protective coveralls or eyewear protection, as well as for medical devices such as surgical masks, exploration gloves and some gowns, has seen an exponential growth. In particular, the supply chain of certain types of PPE such as the disposable face masks is under severe strain, due to the exponential growth of the demand both via existing as well as via new channels. In addition, the global supply chain of such products has also sustained significant disruptions, which have induced repercussions on the EU market as well.

02

Bearing in mind that the health and safety of the EU citizens is of upmost priority, it is of paramount importance to ensure that the most appropriate PPE and medical devices ensuring adequate protection are swiftly made available to those who need it most.

03

Economic operators active across the EU are working relentlessly to increase their respective manufacturing and distribution capacity. In order to mitigate the effects of the various disruptive factors, the economic operators are redesigning their supply chains by launching new manufacturing lines and/or diversifying their supplier base. These efforts by the industrial stakeholders would not be able to produce their full effects if the increased supply cannot feed into the market without any undue delays.

04

The requirements for the design, manufacturing and placing on the market of personal protective equipment are laid down by Regulation (EU) 2016/425 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 2016 on personal protective equipment and repealing Council Directive 89/686/EEC (1).

05

The requirements for the design, manufacturing and placing on the market of medical devices are laid down by Council Directive 93/42/EEC of 14 June 1993 concerning medical devices (2). That Directive is repealed by Regulation (EU) 2017/745 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 April 2017 on medical devices, amending Directive 2001/83/EC, Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 and Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 and repealing Council Directives 90/385/EEC and 93/42/EEC (3), with effect from 26 May 2020.

06

Disposable and re-usable face masks ensuring protection against particulate hazards, disposable and re-usable coveralls, gloves and eyewear protection, which are used for prevention and protection against harmful biological agents such as viruses are products falling within the scope of the Regulation (EU) 2016/425.

07

Surgical masks, examination gloves and some types of gowns are products falling within the scope of Directive 93/42/EEC and of Regulation (EU) 2017/745.

08

In the context of the COVID-19 threat, such PPE and medical devices are essential for healthcare workers, first responders and other personnel involved in the efforts to contain the virus and avoid its further spread.

09

Regulation (EU) 2016/425 fully harmonises the rules for the design, manufacturing and placing on the Union market of PPE and sets out a number of essential health and safety requirements for PPE based on a classification of PPE depending on the risk against which it is intended to protect users. Thus, items of PPE manufactured in accordance with the Regulation (EU) 2016/425 can circulate freely throughout the internal market and Member States may not introduce additional and diverging requirements regarding the manufacturing and placement on the market of such products.

10

Directive 93/42/EEC and Regulation (EU) 2017/745 fully harmonise the rules for the design, manufacturing and placing the Union market of medical devices, and set up a number of essential requirements and of general safety and performance requirements, based on a classification of medical devices depending on specific rules governed by the intended purpose of the devices. Thus, devices manufactured in accordance with the Council Directive 93/42/EEC and Regulation (EU) 2017/745 can circulate freely throughout the internal market and Member States may not introduce additional and diverging requirements regarding the manufacturing and placement on the market of such products.

11

PPE intended to protect against harmful biological agents, such as viruses are listed in Annex I of Regulation (EU) 2016/425 as category III, which includes exclusively the risks that may cause ‘very serious consequences such as death or irreversible damage to health’.

12

Relevant medical devices as non-invasive devices are in Class I, unless specific rules apply.

13

In accordance with Article 8 of Regulation (EU) 2016/425, in order to place PPE products on the market, manufacturers shall carry out the applicable conformity assessment procedures and, where compliance with the applicable essential health and safety requirements has been demonstrated by the appropriate procedure, affix the CE marking.

14

In accordance with Article 11 of Directive 93/42/EEC and with Article 52 of Regulation (EU) 2017/745, once the latter becomes applicable, in order to place medical devices on the market, manufacturers shall carry out the applicable conformity assessment procedures and, where compliance with the applicable essential requirements or general safety and performance requirements has been demonstrated by the appropriate procedure, affix the CE marking. Derogations from conformity assessment procedures may be authorised by Member States, on duly justified request, for the placing on the market and putting into service, within the territory of the Member State concerned, of individual devices the use of which is in the interest of protection of health.

15

Regulation (EU) 2016/425 is technologically neutral and does not lay down any specific mandatory technical solutions for the design of PPE products. Instead, Annex II to Regulation (EU) 2016/425 sets the essential health and safety requirements, which PPE should meet in order to be able to be placed on the market and to circulate freely across the entire EU market.

16

Directive 93/42/EEC and Regulation (EU) 2017/745 are technologically neutral and do not lay down any specific mandatory technical solutions for the design of medical devices. Instead, Annex I to Directive 93/42/EEC sets the essential requirements, and Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2017/745 sets the general safety and performance requirements, which medical devices should meet in order to be able to be placed on the market and to circulate freely across the entire EU market.

17

Article 14 of Regulation (EU) 2016/425 offers the possibility for manufacturers to rely on specific technical solutions, which are detailed in harmonised standards or parts thereof the references of which have been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. In accordance with this Article, should a manufacturer choose to adopt such a technical solution, the PPE is presumed to be in conformity with the essential health and safety requirements covered by the said harmonised standard or parts thereof. However, compliance with the harmonised standards is not mandatory. Manufacturers are free to choose other technical solutions provided that the specific solution which is retained ensures that the PPE complies with the applicable essential health and safety requirements.

18

Article 5 of Directive 93/42/EEC and Article 8 of Regulation (EU) 2017/745 offer the possibility for manufacturers to rely on specific technical solutions, which are detailed in harmonised standards or parts thereof the references of which have been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. In accordance with this Article, should a manufacturer choose to adopt such a technical solution, the medical device is presumed to be in conformity with the requirements covered by the said harmonised standard or parts thereof. However, compliance with the harmonised standards is not mandatory. Manufacturers are free to choose other technical solutions provided that the specific solution which is retained ensures that the medical device complies with the applicable essential health and safety requirements.

19

Article 19 of Regulation (EU) 2016/425 lays down the specific conformity assessment procedures, which apply to the different categories of PPE. Pursuant to this Article, items of PPE of category III, such as the ones designed protect against harmful biological agents should be subjected to specific combination of conformity assessment procedures, which are described respectively in Annexes V, VII and VIII of the same Regulation. Each of the different conformity assessment procedures, which may be used, require the mandatory involvement of a third party conformity assessment body.

20

Article 11 of Directive 93/42/EEC and Article 52 of Regulation (EU) 2017/745, once the latter becomes applicable, lay down the specific conformity assessment procedures, which apply to the different classes of medical devices. Pursuant to these Articles, medical devices falling within Class I, other than custom-made or investigational devices, should be subjected to the conformity assessment procedure for the EC declaration of conformity, without the involvement of a third party conformity assessment body.

21

Notified bodies are the conformity assessment bodies designated by Member States and authorised to carry out third party conformity assessment tasks under Regulation (EU) 2016/425. According to Article 26(4) and point 7 (f) of Annex V of Regulation (EU) 2016/425, notified bodies are required to assess that a PPE product meets the applicable essential health and safety requirements. Notified bodies need to carry out this assessment not only where the manufacturer has applied the harmonised standards, but also in a situation where the manufacturer has followed other technical solutions. When delivering the conformity assessment certificates, notified bodies are required to inform their notifying authorities and may also be required to inform other notified bodies of the certificates they have issued, as set out in Article 34 of Regulation (EU) 2016/425.

22

Notified bodies should thus assess whether products manufactured in line with other technical solutions, such as the ones contained in the WHO recommendations on the appropriate selection of PPE also meet the applicable essential health and safety requirements. In view of the importance to ensure an efficient exchange of information between all stakeholders in the PPE supply chain, where notified bodies conclude that a PPE following another specific standard or technical solution is compliant with the essential health and safety requirements applicable to it, sharing this information will be instrumental in facilitating the assessment of other products manufactured according to the same specific standard or technical solution in a swift manner. To that effect, notified bodies can make use of the existing channels for exchange of information in the framework of the coordination groups established in accordance with Article 36 of Regulation (EU) 2016/425.

23

In addition, pursuant to the relevant market surveillance procedures in Regulation (EU) 2016/425 and in particular Article 38(1) and (2) thereof, where a market surveillance authority encounters a non-CE marked PPE product they are required to evaluate it. Where, in the course of the evaluation, the market surveillance authorities find that the PPE does not comply with the requirements laid down in the Regulation, they shall require the economic operator to take corrective action to bring the PPE into compliance or to recall or withdraw it, commensurate with the nature of the risk. They shall also inform the Commission and other Member State of the results of the evaluation and the actions which they have required the economic operator to take.

24

Accordingly, to address the shortage of PPE necessary in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak, where non-CE marked PPE are intended to enter the EU market, the relevant market surveillance authorities should evaluate the products and, if they are found to be compliant with the essential health and safety requirements laid down by the relevant Regulation should take measures allowing the placing of such PPE on the Union market for a limited period of time or while the conformity assessment procedure with the notified body is being carried out. In order to ensure that such products can be made available in other Member States and in view of the importance to ensure an efficient exchange of information as well as a coordinated response to all threats to the citizens’ health and safety, it is appropriate that the market surveillance authority carrying out such an evaluation communicates its decision to other Member States authorities and to the Commission through the regular market surveillance information exchange channels.

25

Considering that certain types of PPE or medical devices that are used in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak, may also be used for other purposes, it is necessary that Member States take all appropriate measures to ensure that PPE or medical devices not bearing the CE marking, which may be placed on the Union market in accordance with paragraph 8 of the present Recommendation are only made available to healthcare workers,


HAS ADOPTED THIS RECOMMENDATION:


1. With the objective to ensure availability of PPE and medical devices for adequate protection in the COVID-19 outbreak, the Commission invites all economic operators throughout the supply chain, as well as notified bodies and market surveillance authorities to deploy all the measures at their disposal to support the efforts aimed at ensuring that the supply of PPE and medical devices throughout the EU market will match the continuously increasing demand. Such measures should nevertheless not have a detrimental effect on the overall level of health and safety and all relevant stakeholders should ensure that any PPE or medical devices, which is being placed on the EU market, continues to provide an adequate level of protection of the users’ health and safety.


CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES


2.The notified bodies under Regulation (EU) 2016/425 should prioritise and swiftly conduct the conformity assessment activities in the framework of all newly submitted requests by economic operators of PPE necessary for protection in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak.


3.In the case of PPE products manufactured following technical solutions other than harmonised standards, the WHO recommendations on the appropriate selection of PPE may be used as a potential source of reference for such technical solutions, provided that the said technical solutions ensure an adequate level of protection corresponding to the applicable essential health and safety requirements laid down in Regulation (EU) 2016/425.


4.Notified bodies which issue certificates to PPE products manufactured following other technical solutions than harmonised standards, should immediately inform the relevant notifying authority as well as the other notified bodies under Regulation (EU) 2016/425 of the certificates issued and the specific technical solution followed. Notified bodies should exchange such information through the coordination of notified bodies group established under Article 36 of Regulation (EU) 2016/425.


5.In the case of medical devices, the possibility for Member States to authorise derogations from conformity assessment procedures should also be considered, according to Article 11(13) of Directive 93/42/EEC and Article 59 of Regulation (EU) 2017/745 once the latter becomes applicable, also when the intervention of a notified body is not required.


MARKET SURVEILLANCE PROCEDURES


6.The relevant market surveillance authorities in the Member States should as a matter of priority focus on non-compliant PPE or medical devices raising serious risks as to the health and safety of their intended users.


7.Where market surveillance authorities find that PPE or medical devices ensure an adequate level of health and safety in accordance with the essential requirements laid down in Regulation (EU) 2016/425 or the requirements of Directive 93/42/EEC or Regulation (EU) 2017/745, even though the conformity assessment procedures, including the affixing of CE marking have not been fully finalised according to the harmonised rules, they may authorise the making available of these products on the Union market for a limited period of time and while the necessary procedures are being carried out.


8.PPE or medical devices not bearing the CE marking could also be assessed and part of a purchase organised by the relevant Member State authorities provided that is ensured that such products are only available for the healthcare workers for the duration of the current health crisis and that they are not entering the regular distribution channels and made available to other users.


9.Market surveillance authorities should inform immediately the Commission and other Member States of any temporary arrangement they have granted to specific PPE or medical devices. For PPE, this should be done through the Information and Communication System for Market Surveillance (ICSMS).

Done at Brussels, 13 March 2020.


For the Commission

Thierry BRETON

Member of the Commission




翻译版供参考,具体请以英文原版为准:

COVID-19威胁范围内的合格评定和市场监督程序


欧洲委员会,考虑到《欧洲联盟运作条约》,特别是其第292条,鉴于:


1、在当前的COVID-19全球爆发以及病毒在欧盟各个地区的快速传播的背景下,对个人防护设备(以下称“ PPE”)的需求,例如口罩,手套,防护工作服或眼镜防护以及用于外科口罩,探查手套和某些礼服等医疗设备的数量呈指数增长。特别是,由于通过现有渠道以及通过新渠道的需求呈指数增长,某些类型的PPE(例如一次性口罩)的供应链承受着巨大的压力。此外,此类产品的全球供应链也遭受了严重破坏,这也引起了欧盟市场的反响。


2、牢记欧盟公民的健康和安全是重中之重,因此,确保向最需要的人迅速提供最适当的个人防护设备和医疗设备,以确保提供足够的保护,这一点至关重要。


3、活跃于整个欧盟的经济运营商正在不懈努力,以提高各自的制造和分销能力。为了减轻各种破坏性因素的影响,经济运营商正在通过启动新的生产线和/或使其供应商基础多样化来重新设计其供应链。如果供应增加而没有任何不适当的延误,则工业利益相关者的这些努力将无法发挥全部作用。


4、有关个人防护设备的设计,制造和投放市场的要求,由欧洲议会和理事会于2016年3月9日颁布的第(EU)2016/425号条例(关于个人防护设备)以及废除理事会第89/686号指令规定/ EEC  (1)。


5、1993年6月14日关于医疗器械的理事会指令93/42 / EEC对医疗器械的设计,制造和投放市场提出了要求  (2)。欧洲议会和2017年4月5日关于医疗器械的理事会(EU)2017/745条例,该指令2001/83 / EC,条例(EC)178/2002和条例(EC)的修订已废除该指令1223/2009和废除理事会指令90/385 / EEC和93/42 / EEC  (3),自2020年5月26日起生效。


6、一次性和可重复使用的口罩,可防止颗粒物危害,一次性和可重复使用的工作服,手套和眼镜防护,用于预防和防止有害生物制剂(如病毒)属于本法规范围内的产品(欧盟)2016/425。


7、外科口罩,检查手套和某些长袍类型的产品属于93/42 / EEC指令和2017/745法规(EU)的范围。


8、在发生COVID-19威胁的情况下,此类PPE和医疗设备对于参与遏制病毒并避免其进一步传播的医护人员,急救人员和其他人员至关重要。


9、(EU)2016/425法规充分协调了PPE的设计,制造和投放市场的规则,并根据PPE的类别(取决于其所面临的风险)对PPE提出了一些基本的健康和安全要求旨在保护用户。因此,根据法规(EU)2016/425制造的PPE物品可以在整个内部市场自由流通,成员国不得对此类产品的制造和投放市场引入额外的和不同的要求。


10、93/42 / EEC指令和(EU)2017/745法规充分协调了医疗器械联盟市场的设计,制造和销售规则,并根据以下内容建立了一些基本要求以及一般安全和性能要求根据受器械预期用途支配的特定规则对医疗器械进行分类。因此,根据理事会指令93/42 / EEC和法规(EU)2017/745制造的设备可以在整个内部市场自由流通,成员国不得对此类设备的制造和投放市场引入额外的和不同的要求产品。


11、PPE旨在防止有害生物制剂,如病毒在法规附件I(EU)四百二十五分之二千零十六为III类,其中包括完全可能导致的风险上市“非常严重的后果,如死亡或不可逆的损害健康 ” 。


12、除非适用特定规则,否则与非侵入性设备相关的医疗设备属于I类。


13、根据(EU)2016/425号法规第8条,为了将PPE产品投放市场,制造商应执行适用的合格评定程序,并在符合条件的情况下证明符合适用的基本健康和安全要求按照适当的程序,贴上CE标志。


14、根据指令93/42 / EEC的第11条和(EU)2017/745法规的第52条,一旦后者适用,为了将医疗设备投放市场,制造商应执行适用的合格评定程序并且,如果通过适当的程序证明符合适用的基本要求或一般安全和性能要求,请贴上CE标志。会员国可应正当理由要求批准从合格评定程序中减损,以便在有关会员国领土内投放市场并在使用中保护受保护的单个设备健康。


15、法规(EU)2016/425在技术上是中立的,没有为PPE产品的设计规定任何特定的强制性技术解决方案。相反,法规(EU)2016/425的附件II规定了基本的健康和安全要求,PPE应该满足这些基本要求,以便能够投放市场并在整个欧盟市场上自由流通。


16、93/42 / EEC指令和法规(EU)2017/745在技术上是中立的,没有为医疗设备的设计规定任何特定的强制性技术解决方案。相反,指令93/42 / EEC的附件I设置了基本要求,法规(EU)2017/745的附件I设置了一般安全性和性能要求,医疗设备应满足这些要求才能将其放置在市场,并在整个欧盟市场上自由流通。


17、(EU)2016/425号法规第14条为制造商提供了依赖特定技术解决方案的可能性,这些解决方案在统一标准或其部分中进行了详细说明,其参考文献已在《欧盟官方杂志》上发表。根据本条,如果制造商选择采用这样的技术解决方案,则假定个人防护设备符合上述统一标准或其部分所涵盖的基本健康和安全要求。但是,并非必须遵守协调标准。制造商可以自由选择其他技术解决方案,前提是保留的特定解决方案可确保PPE符合适用的基本健康和安全要求。


18、指令93/42 / EEC的第5条和法规(EU)2017/745的第8条为制造商提供了依赖特定技术解决方案的可能性,这些解决方案在统一标准或其部分中作了详细说明,其参考文献已在欧盟官方杂志。根据本条,如果制造商选择采用这种技术解决方案,则假定医疗器械符合上述协调标准或其部分所涵盖的要求。但是,并非必须遵守协调标准。制造商可以自由选择其他技术解决方案,前提是保留的特定解决方案可确保医疗设备符合适用的基本健康和安全要求。


19、(EU)2016/425号法规第19条规定了具体的合格评定程序,该程序适用于不同类别的PPE。根据本条,第三类个人防护装备的项目,例如旨在防止有害生物制剂的项目,应进行合格评定程序的特定组合,分别在同一法规的附件V,VII和VIII中进行描述。可能使用的每种不同的合格评定程序都需要第三方合格评定机构的强制参与。


20、93/42 / EEC指令的第11条和法规(EU)2017/745的第52条一旦适用,就制定适用于不同类别医疗设备的特定合格评定程序。根据这些条款,属于第一类的医疗设备(定制或研究用设备除外)应接受EC合格声明的合格评定程序,而无需第三方合格评定机构的参与。


21、公告机构是成员国指定的合格评定机构,并有权执行法规(EU)2016/425中的第三方合格评定任务。根据第(EU)2016/425号法规第26条第4款和附件V第7点(f)的规定,指定机构必须评估PPE产品是否符合适用的基本健康和安全要求。认证机构不仅需要在制造商采用统一标准的地方进行评估,还需要在制造商遵循其他技术解决方案的情况下进行评估。交付合格评定证书时,指定机构必须通知其通知当局,也可能需要将其签发的证书通知其他指定机构,


22、因此,公告机构应评估根据其他技术解决方案生产的产品(例如,世卫组织关于适当选择个人防护装备的建议中所包含的产品)是否也符合适用的基本健康和安全要求。考虑到确保个人防护装备供应链中所有利益相关者之间有效信息交换的重要性,公告机构得出结论认为,遵循另一项特定标准或技术解决方案的个人防护装备符合适用于其的基本健康和安全要求,这些信息将有助于快速评估根据同一特定标准或技术解决方案生产的其他产品。为此,


23、此外,根据法规(EU)2016/425中的相关市场监督程序,尤其是其中的第38(1)和(2)条,如果市场监督机构遇到非CE标志的PPE产品,则需要对其进行评估它。市场评估机构在评估过程中发现个人防护设备不符合本规章的要求时,应要求经济经营者采取纠正措施以使个人防护设备符合要求或召回或撤回它,与风险的性质相称。他们还应将评估结果以及他们要求经济经营者采取的行动告知委员会和其他成员国。


24、因此,为了解决在COVID-19爆发时(非CE标志的PPE打算进入欧盟市场)所必需的PPE短缺的问题,相关的市场监督机构应对产品进行评估,如果发现这些产品属于符合相关法规所规定的基本健康与安全要求的人员,应采取措施,在有限的时间内或在与指定机构进行合格评定程序的同时,将此类PPE投放到欧盟市场。为了确保可以在其他会员国提供此类产品,并考虑到确保有效交换信息以及对对公民健康和安全的所有威胁作出协调反应的重要性,


25、考虑到在COVID-19爆发中使用的某些类型的PPE或医疗设备也可能用于其他目的,有必要使会员国采取一切适当措施,以确保不携带PPE或医疗设备的医疗设备。根据本建议书第8段可以在欧盟市场上投放的CE标记仅提供给医护人员,


通过了此建议:


1.为了确保在COVID-19爆发中提供个人防护设备和医疗设备以提供适当的保护,委员会邀请整个供应链中的所有经济运营商以及指定机构和市场监督机构在其部署中采取所有措施处置以支持旨在确保整个欧盟市场的个人防护设备和医疗设备的供应与不断增长的需求相匹配的工作。但是,此类措施不应对整体健康和安全水平产生不利影响,所有相关利益相关方应确保投放到欧盟市场的任何个人防护设备或医疗设备继续为用户提供足够的保护水平' 健康和安全。


合格评定程序


2、根据(EU)2016/425号条例的指定机构,应优先考虑并迅速进行PPE经济运营商在保护COVID-19时应保护的PPE经济运营商所有新提交的要求中的合格评定活动。

 

3、对于遵循非统一标准的技术解决方案生产的PPE产品,只要这些技术解决方案确保足够的保护水平,WHO关于适当选择PPE的建议可以用作此类技术解决方案的潜在参考来源。符合法规(EU)2016/425规定的适用基本健康与安全要求。

 

4、向遵循统一标准以外的其他技术解决方案生产的PPE产品颁发证书的认证机构,应立即将其颁发的证书和遵循的具体技术解决方案通知相关的通报机构以及根据(EU)2016/425条的其他认证机构。公告机构应通过根据法规(EU)2016/425第36条成立的公告机构小组的协调来交换此类信息。

 

5,就医疗器械而言,根据指令93/42 / EEC第11(13)条和法规(EU)2017/745的第59条,还应考虑成员国授权从合格评定程序中减损的可能性。后者在不需要指定机构介入的情况下也适用。

市场监督程序

 

6、成员国的相关市场监督机构应优先关注不合规的个人防护设备或医疗设备,这些设备会对其预期用户的健康和安全造成严重风险。

 

7、市场监督机构发现PPE或医疗设备可确保根据(EU)2016/425法规或93/42 / EEC指令或2017(EU)法规的基本要求确保足够的健康和安全水平/ 745,即使尚未按照协调规则完全完成包括CE标志在内的合格评定程序,它们仍可以授权在限定的时间内在欧盟市场上提供这些产品程序正在执行中。

 

8、不带CE标志的PPE或医疗设备也可以进行评估,并由相关成员国当局组织购买的一部分,前提是要确保此类产品仅在当前健康危机期间可供医护人员使用,并确保它们没有进入常规分销渠道,并可供其他用户使用。

 

9、市场监督机构应立即将其授予特定PPE或医疗设备的任何临时安排告知委员会和其他成员国。对于个人防护设备,应通过用于市场监视的信息和通信系统(ICSMS)来完成。




欧盟成员国名单(27国):




奥地利、比利时、保加利亚、塞浦路斯、捷克、克罗地亚、丹麦、爱沙尼亚、芬兰、法国、德国、希腊、匈牙利、爱尔兰、意大利、拉脱维亚、罗马尼亚、立陶宛、卢森堡、马耳他、荷兰、波兰、葡萄牙、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚、西班牙、瑞典。


(文章来源@搜航网)

免责声明
本文链接:
本文经作者许可发布在AMZ123跨境头条,如有疑问,请联系客服。
最新热门报告作者标签
韩国电商E-Mart与OpenAI合作,推出AI代理购物功能
AMZ123获悉,近日,韩国零售集团新世界集团宣布,成功与OpenAI签署业务合作谅解备忘录(MOU),双方将共同推进人工智能在零售领域的应用,并计划打造覆盖购物全流程的“AI电商”模式。根据规划,新世界集团将以E-Mart(易买得)为起点,逐步将AI电商能力扩展至集团整体业务体系。新世界集团希望通过人工智能实现高度个性化的消费体验,并在未来AI电商市场中占据领先位置。双方合作的重点是开发下一代AI电商系统,目标在2027年实现商业化落地。该系统基于ChatGPT构建,将不再局限于商品推荐,而是覆盖从搜索、选品到支付、配送的完整购物流程,形成“端到端”的一体化购物体验。
“万能扳手”上线25天,在TikTok美区成交百万
淘宝2元“神器”在TikTok美区爆卖百万
沃尔玛计划投资智利与墨西哥超22亿欧元
AMZ123获悉,近日,据外媒报道,沃尔玛宣布,将在智利普达韦尔配送中心投资2亿美元(约1.85亿欧元),引入超过2300台机器人,并将物流中心面积从6.5万平方米扩大至13万平方米。这一项目旨在提升智利电商和零售效率,预计可将客户配送时间缩短约25%,覆盖全国各地市场,同时在施工期间创造约300个岗位,项目完成后将增加900个长期职位,预计到2030年将创造总计约6000个就业机会。此次普达韦尔配送中心的扩建是沃尔玛智利2024年至2029年17亿美元(约合15.7亿欧元)投资计划的一部分,该计划包括新店建设、基础设施完善以及物流能力提升。
韩国电商激战:Temu速卖通猛攻,Coupang地位稳固
AMZ123获悉,近日,据外媒报道,韩国第一电商平台Coupang发生个人信息泄露事件后,中国跨境电商平台迅速抓住机会,大量吸纳新用户。根据数据分析平台IGAWorks移动指数4月7日发布的数据,Temu在3月份的新增应用安装量达到74.93万次,继2月(67.09万次)之后连续第二个月位居榜首。同期,速卖通(AliExpress)的新增安装量也达到36.90万次,保持强劲增长势头。业内人士指出,这些中国平台推出的超低价商品和极具吸引力的免运费政策,是吸引韩国新客户涌入的主要原因。在韩国本土平台中,Naver旗下的Naver Plus Store上月新增安装量为67.41万次,排名第二,但已被Temu超越。
零售媒体 - 流量到销量转化的手把手教程
当你完成店铺搭建与商品上架,如何让商品快速触达精准买家、实现销量持续增长?沃尔玛商品推广广告(Sponsored Products)是每位跨境卖家应优先布局的增长引擎。官方数据显示,63%的沃尔玛顾客会购买广告推荐的商品(1),77%的顾客在购物车场景看到广告时,极有可能完成购买(2);自动广告活动的ROAS相较手动广告平均提升1.7倍(3)。亮眼的投放效果,始于科学规范的初始配置。本文从零出发,带你完成首支沃尔玛广告活动的全流程搭建——涵盖广告账户创建、活动命名规范、日预算与竞价策略设置,以及广告组商品管理要点,并附三个实用的新手投放技巧,帮你规避预算浪费、提升起量效率,掌握沃尔玛广告投放的核心逻辑。
东南亚TikTok政策红利期丨店铺玩法及一件代发模式解析
从平台玩法、广告策略及一件代发模式三个维度展开讲解。
印度家具电商市场资本分化加剧,2034年将超440亿美元
AMZ123获悉,近日,据外媒报道,印度家具电商市场正全面迈入整合期,资本分化趋势加剧。据了解,过去四个月里,Wakefit成功上市,募资128.89亿卢比;Rentomojo提交了招股说明书草案,拟募资15亿卢比;Duroflex旗下的D2C家具品牌Sleepyhead也即将登陆资本市场。与之形成鲜明对比的是,曾经高速增长的Pepperfry被TCC Concept以66.2亿卢比收购,彻底转型。大型家具企业同样在加码布局。例如,宜家已承诺在印度投资超过20亿美元,戈德瑞家居则持续拓展全渠道布局,并积极投资热门赛道。尽管如此,印度家具市场整体仍然呈现出高度分散的状态。
Wildberries将统一中俄卖家佣金
AMZ123获悉,近日,俄罗斯电商平台Wildberries宣布,将对中国卖家与俄罗斯本土卖家实行统一的佣金政策,以提高平台经营环境的透明度和可预期性。该举措已在俄罗斯联邦反垄断局(FAS)信息技术竞争发展专家委员会会议后提交监管机构。根据Wildberries披露,此次调整是其平台治理措施的一部分,重点包括优化卖家定价管理机制,以及规范由平台承担的折扣规则。在具体执行层面,Wildberries平台将实现中俄卖家佣金条件一致,同时改进卖家对商品定价的控制能力,并推动折扣机制更加透明化。未来,卖家可以在后台自行选择是否参与由平台提供的商品折扣,相关功能将通过自动化工具实现,支持一键开启或关闭。
金三银四凉了?运营招聘市场降温
“今年的金三银四变成了铜三铁四?”要说近期最热闹的一个现象,那必然是一边裁员,一边招聘的互联网大厂。裁员并不罕见,有意思的是,这些公司裁的和招的并非一批人,裁的是外包员工、冗余人员,招的则是高薪AI人才。看似在收缩,实则在换血,“只招对的人”这套逻辑不光在互联网公司适用,在跨境电商行业亦是。曾以“高增长、高需求”吸引大量人才涌入,近期却迎来拐点,亚马逊运营招聘告别巅峰期的扩张态势,进入“缩量提质”阶段。随着跨境电商行业门槛持续上移,高学历人才扎堆涌入,基础运营岗位被AI加速替代,薪资更是两极分化加剧,从业者陷入“躺平与焦虑并存”的局面。
靠AI带货,国产“鸟浴神器”在TikTok卖了50多万
国内没市场的“鸟浴神器”,在TikTok美区卖爆了
亚马逊与USPS达成新协议,保留80%配送量
AMZ123获悉,近日,据外媒报道,亚马逊与USPS达成新的包裹配送协议,双方长期合作关系得以延续。根据知情人士透露,在新协议下,USPS将保留约80%的亚马逊包裹配送业务,规模超过每年10亿件,这一结果明显好于此前市场预期的削减三分之二甚至更多业务量的情况。此次协议对于财务承压的USPS具有重要意义。作为其最大客户,亚马逊每年为USPS贡献约60亿美元收入,而USPS的年度运营预算约为800亿美元。此前,USPS曾警告称最早可能在今年10月出现现金耗尽风险,而一旦失去亚马逊订单,将对其运营构成重大冲击。
全球二手服装市场加速增长,2030年将达3930亿美元
AMZ123获悉,近日,根据在线二手平台ThredUp发布的第14份《2026年二手市场报告》显示,美国二手服装市场正在加速增长,并逐步改变整体服装消费结构。2025年,美国二手服装市场(包括线上、线下转售以及捐赠和旧货渠道)同比增长19%,为2021年以来最快增速,且增速达到整体服装零售市场的3.6倍。从全球来看,二手服装市场规模预计将在2030年达到3930亿美元,年均增长约9%,并占全球服装消费的约10%。消费端渗透率也在持续提升,2025年已有59%的消费者购买过二手服装,较三年前提升了7个百分点,显示出二手消费正从小众走向主流。在线渠道的增长尤为明显。
突传重磅!美伊停火协议或在今日生效!伊朗表示正在审阅!
中东局势迎来关键转折点。多方消息显示,美国与伊朗已收到一份由巴基斯坦方面牵头拟定的停火方案,最快或于今日(4月6日)生效,并涉及重新开放霍尔木兹海峡等核心议题。不过,伊朗方面虽已确认收到提案,但强调仍在审阅内容,并对“临时停火换通航”的条件持明确保留态度,协议前景仍存变数。据新华社、央视新闻及路透社等多家媒体报道,一项旨在缓解美伊冲突的停火协议框架已由巴基斯坦方面提出,并同步提交美国与伊朗。消息人士透露,该方案或于4月6日正式生效,成为当前紧张局势下最受关注的外交进展之一。
注意!深圳严查货代免税开票
深圳货代圈,最近有点“风声鹤唳”。前不久,深圳市国际货运代理协会甩出一份名单,失信被执行人、海关失信认证企业、重大税收违法失信主体,300多家物流公司被点了名。然而名单还没消化完,新的风又吹到了税务端。AMZ123获悉,据业内消息,近日已有多家货代企业收到来自深圳税务部门的通知,要求围绕“国际货物运输代理服务”免税发票开展自查。据了解,税务部门通过系统数据筛查发现,部分企业在享受国际货物运输代理服务增值税免税政策过程中,可能存在不符合免税条件的情况,需要尽快核实是否存在误开免税发票、误享税收优惠等问题,并在规定期限内完成更正申报。从通知内容来看,这一轮排查主要盯住了三个地方。
P-4阴霾未过,协议3再砍一刀,欧洲跨境还有出路吗?
兄弟们,4月2号晚上开始,sy的微信就没消停过。不是拜山扫墓的问候,是后台弹窗的讣告:又一批店铺收到了“根据亚马逊商业解决方案协议第3条,您的卖家账户已被停用”的通知。资金冻结、链接下架、广告暂停。清明前夕,亚马逊给不少人送了一份大礼。“这一轮协议3,专查这三点3月底的P-4验证还没消停,4月初又来一轮协议3。这次核查核心针对的是运营约半年的新账号,但不少运营了两三年的老号也被点名了。看了一圈中招案例,平台重点在查三件事:注册地跟实际运营地对不上。公司注册在伦敦,人天天从中国IP登录,系统一判就异常。运营人跟法人信息不匹配。法人是个挂名的工具人,视频验证一问三不知,当场穿帮。IP环境不干净。
1个月拿下4个品牌代言,张凌赫为什么能吸引品牌“下注”?
文 | Harper2026年3月,张凌赫的商业合作明显提速。翻看他近一个月的微博,这种密集感会更直观。3月27日,华帝官宣其出任品牌代言人;就在前一天,伊利低温鲜奶高端金典系列刚刚官宣了合作;PUMA、全棉时代也都在3月完成合作落地;百丽则借着代言一周年节点,推出了联名礼盒。短短一个月,运动、家居、乳品、鞋履、厨电多个赛道接连出现张凌赫的身影,合作密度与覆盖的品类跨度都迈上了一个新台阶。在内娱,艺人有热度并不稀奇;但在相对集中的时间窗口里,被多个不同品类品牌连续选择,并不常见。
《TikTok Shop突破末次触达归因(LTA)ROAS分析报告》PDF下载
在数字化浪潮中,广告主正面临有效衡量广告支出回报率(ROAS)的挑战。传统未次触达归因(LTA)模型因数据收集难度和归因偏差问题已难以满足广告主的需求,因此,探索新的方法来解决这些问题显得尤为重要。
《未来电商报告:品牌独立站五步升级锁定未来确定性增长》PDF下载
调研显示,出海商家针对家居、时尚及消费电子等品类布局比例均超过30%。独立站凭借其高度品牌化、个性化、场景化及功能性等优势,精准契合上述品类对品牌调性、场景交互及沉浸式体验的核心诉求,正成为商家黑五大促期提升销量、构建品牌竞争壁垒的关键载体。
《TikTok Shop达人真实种草力报告》PDF下载
达人正在将文化内容、社群互动与商业转化深度融合,形成一个高度协同的内容商业生态,其价值早已不再局限于内容带来的直接收入。从更广义的商业视角来看,达人价值的核心在于真实影响力-即其内容对商品与服务产生影响并促成转化所形成的整体商业价值,这一能力正构成达人在内容电商体系中的带货价值基础。
《2026年第2季度儿童时尚品类报告》PDF下载
儿童时尚品类概览 主题选品合辑 巴西站点上新 泰国站点上新 菲律宾站点上新 越南站点上新
《TikTok Shop 2025年度报告》PDF下载
2025年,TikTok Shop进一步加快扩张步伐,在巩固欧美成熟市场的同时,积极开拓新兴市场,先后上线德国、意大利、法国、日本等站点。此举不仅为平台带来新增量,也体现出其多元化市场战略的初步成效,以分散地缘政治风险。
《Shopee2025印尼站点X 汽车摩托品类专题》PDF下载
印尼当地汽车保有量并不高,每一千人的机动车保有量仅96人,未来可提升的空间仍大。空间参照系可以看泰国和马来,2024年泰国汽车保有量为322辆/千人,马来西亚为531辆/千人。
《2026年Shopee运动户外类目自行车爆品分享》PDF下载
巴西骑行爱好群体广泛,但平台上热销品呈现出的国际大牌极少,推测可能原因是国际品牌可能主要通过线下经销或自行渠道销售,未深度参与Shopee等本土电商。因此巴西用户在平台上几乎接触不到这些高端品牌产品。平台上巴西用户更倾向购买本土品牌的自行车,可能出于价格实惠和售后便利考虑。
《2025年TikTok生态发展白皮书》PDF下载
2025年,全球内容电商迈入深度跃迁的新周期。TikTokShop正以前所未有的速度拓展市场版图,完成从高速增长向高质量增长的跃迁。在这一进程中,生态结构重构、参与者多元化、全球政策协同等因素叠加,构成内容电商演进的核心变量。
AMZ123跨境电商
专注跨境行业热点事件报道,每日坚持推送原创深度热文
亚马逊资讯
AMZ123旗下亚马逊资讯发布平台,专注亚马逊全球热点事件,为广大卖家提供亚马逊最新动态、最热新闻。
跨境电商干货集结
跨境电商干货集结,是结合亚马逊跨境电商卖家交流群内大家在交流过程中最常遇到的问题,进行收集整理,汇总解答,将会持续更新大家当前最常遇见的问题。欢迎大家加入跨境电商干货集结卖家交流群一起探讨。
亚马逊全球开店
亚马逊全球开店官方公众号,致力于为中国跨境卖家提供最新,最全亚马逊全球开店资讯,运营干货分享及开店支持。
跨境平台资讯
AMZ123旗下跨境电商平台新闻栏目,专注全球跨境电商平台热点事件,为广大卖家提供跨境电商平台最新动态、最热新闻。
AMZ123选品观察员
选品推荐及选品技巧分享。
北美电商资讯
AMZ123旗下北美跨境电商新闻栏目,专注北美跨境电商热点资讯,为广大卖家提供北美跨境电商最新动态、最热新闻。
AMZ123会员
「AMZ123会员」为出海者推出的一站式私享服务
首页
跨境头条
文章详情
重磅!美国疾控中心紧急宣布接受N95口罩中国标准!欧盟也同步开启口罩绿色通道!
威速易供应链平台
2020-03-26 20:08
17284

近期,欧美口罩的认证和标准成为广大外贸出口和货代物流企业关注的焦点!据搜航网最新获悉,上周,美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)正式发布涉及口罩标准规定的《优化N95口罩供应策略:危机/替代策略》!


CDC宣布接受N95口罩中国标准


这是一个事关所有计划出口美国的外贸物流企业的事件,公告指出:新冠肺炎疫情期间,当N95口罩供给不足时,按下表中标准生产的口罩,是N95口罩合适的替代品。其中包括采用中国标准GB 2626-2006 和GB/T 18664—2002生产的口罩。




Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of N95 Respirators: Crisis/Alternate Strategies


Crisis/Alternate Strategies




These crisis capacity or alternate strategies accompany and build on the conventional and contingency capacity strategies. The following measures are not commensurate with current U.S. standards of care. 


However, individual measures or a combination of these measures may need to be considered during periods of expected or known N95 respirator shortages. It is important to consult with entities that include some combination of: local healthcare coalitions, federal, state, or local public health officials, appropriate state agencies that are managing the overall emergency response related to COVID-19, and state crisis standards of care committees. 


Even when state/local healthcare coalitions or public health authorities can shift resources between health care facilities, these strategies may still be necessary.




目前在疫情期间,进入美国市场都需要进口商向FDA申请获取口罩的紧急使用资质,符合以下标准的N95口罩,可以简化原美国FDA注册流程以及NIOSH的检测流程,快速投入使用


国家

执行标准

可接受的产品等级

标准/指导文件

防护系数≥ 10

澳大利亚

AS/NZS

1716:2012

P3

P2

AS/NZS 1715:2009

YES

巴西

ABNT/NBR 13698:2011

PFF3

PFF2

Fundacentro CDU 614.894

YES

中国

GB 2626-2006

KN100 

KP100

KN95 

KP95

GB/T 18664—2002

YES

欧盟

EN 149-2001

FFP3

FFP2

EN 529:2005

YES

日本

JMHLW-2000

DS/DL3

DS/DL2

JIS T8150: 2006

YES

韩国

KMOEL-2017-64

Special

1st

KOSHA GUIDE H-82-2015

YES

墨西哥

NOM-116-2009

N100, P100,

R100,N99,

P99, R99,

N95, P95, 

R95

NOM-116

YES

美国NIOSH要求

NIOSH approved
42 CFR 84

N100, P100,

R100,N99,

P99, R99,

N95, P95,

R95

OSHA 29CFR1910.134

YES

表格来源深圳海关官网


早前,美国副总统彭斯在3月5日新闻发布会上告诉大家,“除非病了,否则无需购买口罩”。



这真是啪啪的打脸,但也给国内口罩生产商和贸易企业创造了出口机会,而且美国也已取消口罩等部分防疫产品的关税加征。


欧盟开启口罩绿色通道


不仅美国,同样深陷新冠肺炎疫情的欧洲,同样特事特办,紧急开通了口罩类防疫物资的绿色通道。


近日,欧美紧急放宽口罩等防疫物资准入要求(CE认证和FDA认证),需要机构认证的产品在完成合规性评估程序之前(即取得CE/FDA标志之前)可以先出口,但是要确保认证工作会继续完成。


欧盟成员国主管当局可在疫情期间评估和集中采购没有CE标记的防疫产品,该产品仅可以提供给医护人员使用,不能在市场上流通销售。如果你的产品不是政府集中采购,且要在当地市场上销售的,则不属于上述放宽准入的条件范围。


2020年3月13日,欧盟会员会在欧洲官方杂志( Official Journal of the EuropeanUnion)发布了疫情期间针对医疗器械和个人防护用品 (PPE)的符合性评价和市场监督程序的建议。


医疗器械方面


◆如果市场监督机构确定产品符合医疗器械的基本安全和性能要求,即使其符合性评价还未完成,市场监督机构可以允许其在一定的时间内进行销售,同时该产品必须继续完成其符合性评价过程。


◆成员国主管当局也可在疫情期间评估和组织采购没有CE标记的医疗器械,该产品仅可提供给医疗工作者使用,不能在市场上流通销售。同时市场抽查将会重点抽查防疫相关医疗器械,以防止不合格产品导致严重风险。


个人防护用品(PPE)方面:


◆涉及的产品包括抛弃式和可重复使用的口罩、可重复使用的工作服、手套和眼罩等(主要是预防病毒和有害物质的产品)。需要具有PPE法规授权资格的公告机构进行符合性评价。


◆应急审批产品如果不采用PPE法规协调标准作为产品技术要求而采用其它技术要求,比如WHO的推荐要求,须确保采用的技术要求与PPE法规基本健康与安全要求同等防护水平。公告机构对这类采用其它技术要求的PPE产品进行发证时,需要立即通知主管当局和其它PPE法规的公告机构。


◆如果市场监督机构确定产品符合PPE法规的基本健康和安全要求,即使其符合性评价还未完成,市场监督机构可以允许其在一定的时间内进行销售,同时该产品必须继续完成其符合性评价过程。


◆成员国主管当局也可在疫情期间评估和组织采购没有CE标记的PPE产品,该产品仅可提供给医疗工作者使用,不能在市场上流通销售。同时市场抽查将会重点抽查防疫相关PPE产品,以防止不合格产品导致严重风险。


也就是说,只要处于正在进行符合性评估的过程中,就可以在没有CE标志的情况下先行进入欧盟市场。由市场监督部门进行抽查,发现问题再进行处罚。


重点如下!!!

◆成员国可采购安全有效,但没有CE标记的医疗产品;


◆紧急物资专供医疗人员使用,不可在市场上流通;


◆仅疫情期间有效。


关于CE标识

CE标签就像一把巨伞,底下是规定各类产品安全标准、细分到不同材料和生产模式等的各种欧盟指令。自1985年成立以来,它就成为了高质量、高标准和严格执法的标志,缺少这一标志的商品将不予获准进入欧盟市场。


如今CE标识已经成为了全球认可的质量标志,CE标志可以证明该批在欧盟制作或进口至欧盟成员国的产品符合质量标准,满足保护消费者健康、供应链安全和环境可持续发展的要求。



欧盟口罩要求

在欧盟,口罩属于PPE个人防护用品,“危及健康的物质和混合物”。2019年起,欧盟新法规PPE Regulation (EU) 2016/425强制执行,所有出口欧盟的口罩必须在新法规的要求下获得CE认证证书。CE认证证书的有效期是5年左右,一般费用是10000-15000元人民币。


欧盟对于口罩欧洲统一,CE认证的标准包括BSEN140、BSEN14387、BSEN143、BSEN149、BSEN136,其中BSEN149使用多,为可防护微粒的过滤式半口罩,根据测试的粒子穿透率分为P1(FFP1),P2(FFP2),P3(FFP3)三个等级,FFP1低过滤效果≥80%,FFP2低过滤效果≥94%,FFP3低过滤效果≥97%。

FFP2口罩与上文提到的医用防护口罩、KN95口罩、N95口罩过滤效率十分接近。医疗口罩必须遵循BSEN14683标准,可以分为三个等级:低标准Type、然后是Type和TypeR。上一个版本是BSEN146832014,已被新版BSEN146832019所取代。EN 14683:2019年版主要的变化之一是压力差,Type、Type、TypeR压力差分别由2014年版的29.4、29.4、49.0Pa/cm,上升至40、40、60Pa/cm。


CE认证是欧盟实行的强制性产品安全认证制度,目的是为了保障欧盟国家人民的生命财产安全。



新手小白可以问自己的发证机构两个问题:

01、贵司是否为NB机构? 机构号是否可以查询?

02、出具的CE证书在官网可查吗?

NB机构可以理解为被欧盟授权或认可的机构。如果CE证书是NB机构发证的,在欧盟就具有一定的效应,清关的风险才会相对较小。


正常情况下,根据欧盟法规,所有出口欧盟的产品都需要获得CE认证,加贴CE标识才能进入欧洲市场。CE认证的审核和发证,欧盟公布了一系列由欧盟统一监管和认证资质授权的机构,并授予每家机构一个唯一的四位数编码即公告号,CE证书的申请和颁发就由对应法规和指令授权的公告号机构颁发。


在欧盟官方网站-欧盟公告机构查询官网,厂家可以查询到目前从0001-2786 两千多家欧盟公告号机构详细信息,每家机构对应的指令和法规授权以及发证机构信息都可在该网站查询到。



附:CE认证查验:

https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/nando/index.cfm?fuseaction=notifiedbody.main


附:FDA查验(出口美国需要FDA和NIOSH):

https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfRL/rl.cfm




近期,大家都在对口罩等医疗物资的欧盟标准犯愁,都是一知半解的状态。在此附上原文查看:



COMMISSION RECOMMENDATION (EU) 2020/403


of 13 March 2020


on conformity assessment and market surveillance procedures within the context of the COVID-19 threat


THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,

Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 292 thereof,

Whereas:


01

In the context of the current COVID-19 global outbreak as well as the rapid spread of the virus across various regions of the EU, the demand for personal protective equipment (hereinafter ‘PPE’) such as face masks, gloves, protective coveralls or eyewear protection, as well as for medical devices such as surgical masks, exploration gloves and some gowns, has seen an exponential growth. In particular, the supply chain of certain types of PPE such as the disposable face masks is under severe strain, due to the exponential growth of the demand both via existing as well as via new channels. In addition, the global supply chain of such products has also sustained significant disruptions, which have induced repercussions on the EU market as well.

02

Bearing in mind that the health and safety of the EU citizens is of upmost priority, it is of paramount importance to ensure that the most appropriate PPE and medical devices ensuring adequate protection are swiftly made available to those who need it most.

03

Economic operators active across the EU are working relentlessly to increase their respective manufacturing and distribution capacity. In order to mitigate the effects of the various disruptive factors, the economic operators are redesigning their supply chains by launching new manufacturing lines and/or diversifying their supplier base. These efforts by the industrial stakeholders would not be able to produce their full effects if the increased supply cannot feed into the market without any undue delays.

04

The requirements for the design, manufacturing and placing on the market of personal protective equipment are laid down by Regulation (EU) 2016/425 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 2016 on personal protective equipment and repealing Council Directive 89/686/EEC (1).

05

The requirements for the design, manufacturing and placing on the market of medical devices are laid down by Council Directive 93/42/EEC of 14 June 1993 concerning medical devices (2). That Directive is repealed by Regulation (EU) 2017/745 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 April 2017 on medical devices, amending Directive 2001/83/EC, Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 and Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 and repealing Council Directives 90/385/EEC and 93/42/EEC (3), with effect from 26 May 2020.

06

Disposable and re-usable face masks ensuring protection against particulate hazards, disposable and re-usable coveralls, gloves and eyewear protection, which are used for prevention and protection against harmful biological agents such as viruses are products falling within the scope of the Regulation (EU) 2016/425.

07

Surgical masks, examination gloves and some types of gowns are products falling within the scope of Directive 93/42/EEC and of Regulation (EU) 2017/745.

08

In the context of the COVID-19 threat, such PPE and medical devices are essential for healthcare workers, first responders and other personnel involved in the efforts to contain the virus and avoid its further spread.

09

Regulation (EU) 2016/425 fully harmonises the rules for the design, manufacturing and placing on the Union market of PPE and sets out a number of essential health and safety requirements for PPE based on a classification of PPE depending on the risk against which it is intended to protect users. Thus, items of PPE manufactured in accordance with the Regulation (EU) 2016/425 can circulate freely throughout the internal market and Member States may not introduce additional and diverging requirements regarding the manufacturing and placement on the market of such products.

10

Directive 93/42/EEC and Regulation (EU) 2017/745 fully harmonise the rules for the design, manufacturing and placing the Union market of medical devices, and set up a number of essential requirements and of general safety and performance requirements, based on a classification of medical devices depending on specific rules governed by the intended purpose of the devices. Thus, devices manufactured in accordance with the Council Directive 93/42/EEC and Regulation (EU) 2017/745 can circulate freely throughout the internal market and Member States may not introduce additional and diverging requirements regarding the manufacturing and placement on the market of such products.

11

PPE intended to protect against harmful biological agents, such as viruses are listed in Annex I of Regulation (EU) 2016/425 as category III, which includes exclusively the risks that may cause ‘very serious consequences such as death or irreversible damage to health’.

12

Relevant medical devices as non-invasive devices are in Class I, unless specific rules apply.

13

In accordance with Article 8 of Regulation (EU) 2016/425, in order to place PPE products on the market, manufacturers shall carry out the applicable conformity assessment procedures and, where compliance with the applicable essential health and safety requirements has been demonstrated by the appropriate procedure, affix the CE marking.

14

In accordance with Article 11 of Directive 93/42/EEC and with Article 52 of Regulation (EU) 2017/745, once the latter becomes applicable, in order to place medical devices on the market, manufacturers shall carry out the applicable conformity assessment procedures and, where compliance with the applicable essential requirements or general safety and performance requirements has been demonstrated by the appropriate procedure, affix the CE marking. Derogations from conformity assessment procedures may be authorised by Member States, on duly justified request, for the placing on the market and putting into service, within the territory of the Member State concerned, of individual devices the use of which is in the interest of protection of health.

15

Regulation (EU) 2016/425 is technologically neutral and does not lay down any specific mandatory technical solutions for the design of PPE products. Instead, Annex II to Regulation (EU) 2016/425 sets the essential health and safety requirements, which PPE should meet in order to be able to be placed on the market and to circulate freely across the entire EU market.

16

Directive 93/42/EEC and Regulation (EU) 2017/745 are technologically neutral and do not lay down any specific mandatory technical solutions for the design of medical devices. Instead, Annex I to Directive 93/42/EEC sets the essential requirements, and Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2017/745 sets the general safety and performance requirements, which medical devices should meet in order to be able to be placed on the market and to circulate freely across the entire EU market.

17

Article 14 of Regulation (EU) 2016/425 offers the possibility for manufacturers to rely on specific technical solutions, which are detailed in harmonised standards or parts thereof the references of which have been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. In accordance with this Article, should a manufacturer choose to adopt such a technical solution, the PPE is presumed to be in conformity with the essential health and safety requirements covered by the said harmonised standard or parts thereof. However, compliance with the harmonised standards is not mandatory. Manufacturers are free to choose other technical solutions provided that the specific solution which is retained ensures that the PPE complies with the applicable essential health and safety requirements.

18

Article 5 of Directive 93/42/EEC and Article 8 of Regulation (EU) 2017/745 offer the possibility for manufacturers to rely on specific technical solutions, which are detailed in harmonised standards or parts thereof the references of which have been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. In accordance with this Article, should a manufacturer choose to adopt such a technical solution, the medical device is presumed to be in conformity with the requirements covered by the said harmonised standard or parts thereof. However, compliance with the harmonised standards is not mandatory. Manufacturers are free to choose other technical solutions provided that the specific solution which is retained ensures that the medical device complies with the applicable essential health and safety requirements.

19

Article 19 of Regulation (EU) 2016/425 lays down the specific conformity assessment procedures, which apply to the different categories of PPE. Pursuant to this Article, items of PPE of category III, such as the ones designed protect against harmful biological agents should be subjected to specific combination of conformity assessment procedures, which are described respectively in Annexes V, VII and VIII of the same Regulation. Each of the different conformity assessment procedures, which may be used, require the mandatory involvement of a third party conformity assessment body.

20

Article 11 of Directive 93/42/EEC and Article 52 of Regulation (EU) 2017/745, once the latter becomes applicable, lay down the specific conformity assessment procedures, which apply to the different classes of medical devices. Pursuant to these Articles, medical devices falling within Class I, other than custom-made or investigational devices, should be subjected to the conformity assessment procedure for the EC declaration of conformity, without the involvement of a third party conformity assessment body.

21

Notified bodies are the conformity assessment bodies designated by Member States and authorised to carry out third party conformity assessment tasks under Regulation (EU) 2016/425. According to Article 26(4) and point 7 (f) of Annex V of Regulation (EU) 2016/425, notified bodies are required to assess that a PPE product meets the applicable essential health and safety requirements. Notified bodies need to carry out this assessment not only where the manufacturer has applied the harmonised standards, but also in a situation where the manufacturer has followed other technical solutions. When delivering the conformity assessment certificates, notified bodies are required to inform their notifying authorities and may also be required to inform other notified bodies of the certificates they have issued, as set out in Article 34 of Regulation (EU) 2016/425.

22

Notified bodies should thus assess whether products manufactured in line with other technical solutions, such as the ones contained in the WHO recommendations on the appropriate selection of PPE also meet the applicable essential health and safety requirements. In view of the importance to ensure an efficient exchange of information between all stakeholders in the PPE supply chain, where notified bodies conclude that a PPE following another specific standard or technical solution is compliant with the essential health and safety requirements applicable to it, sharing this information will be instrumental in facilitating the assessment of other products manufactured according to the same specific standard or technical solution in a swift manner. To that effect, notified bodies can make use of the existing channels for exchange of information in the framework of the coordination groups established in accordance with Article 36 of Regulation (EU) 2016/425.

23

In addition, pursuant to the relevant market surveillance procedures in Regulation (EU) 2016/425 and in particular Article 38(1) and (2) thereof, where a market surveillance authority encounters a non-CE marked PPE product they are required to evaluate it. Where, in the course of the evaluation, the market surveillance authorities find that the PPE does not comply with the requirements laid down in the Regulation, they shall require the economic operator to take corrective action to bring the PPE into compliance or to recall or withdraw it, commensurate with the nature of the risk. They shall also inform the Commission and other Member State of the results of the evaluation and the actions which they have required the economic operator to take.

24

Accordingly, to address the shortage of PPE necessary in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak, where non-CE marked PPE are intended to enter the EU market, the relevant market surveillance authorities should evaluate the products and, if they are found to be compliant with the essential health and safety requirements laid down by the relevant Regulation should take measures allowing the placing of such PPE on the Union market for a limited period of time or while the conformity assessment procedure with the notified body is being carried out. In order to ensure that such products can be made available in other Member States and in view of the importance to ensure an efficient exchange of information as well as a coordinated response to all threats to the citizens’ health and safety, it is appropriate that the market surveillance authority carrying out such an evaluation communicates its decision to other Member States authorities and to the Commission through the regular market surveillance information exchange channels.

25

Considering that certain types of PPE or medical devices that are used in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak, may also be used for other purposes, it is necessary that Member States take all appropriate measures to ensure that PPE or medical devices not bearing the CE marking, which may be placed on the Union market in accordance with paragraph 8 of the present Recommendation are only made available to healthcare workers,


HAS ADOPTED THIS RECOMMENDATION:


1. With the objective to ensure availability of PPE and medical devices for adequate protection in the COVID-19 outbreak, the Commission invites all economic operators throughout the supply chain, as well as notified bodies and market surveillance authorities to deploy all the measures at their disposal to support the efforts aimed at ensuring that the supply of PPE and medical devices throughout the EU market will match the continuously increasing demand. Such measures should nevertheless not have a detrimental effect on the overall level of health and safety and all relevant stakeholders should ensure that any PPE or medical devices, which is being placed on the EU market, continues to provide an adequate level of protection of the users’ health and safety.


CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES


2.The notified bodies under Regulation (EU) 2016/425 should prioritise and swiftly conduct the conformity assessment activities in the framework of all newly submitted requests by economic operators of PPE necessary for protection in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak.


3.In the case of PPE products manufactured following technical solutions other than harmonised standards, the WHO recommendations on the appropriate selection of PPE may be used as a potential source of reference for such technical solutions, provided that the said technical solutions ensure an adequate level of protection corresponding to the applicable essential health and safety requirements laid down in Regulation (EU) 2016/425.


4.Notified bodies which issue certificates to PPE products manufactured following other technical solutions than harmonised standards, should immediately inform the relevant notifying authority as well as the other notified bodies under Regulation (EU) 2016/425 of the certificates issued and the specific technical solution followed. Notified bodies should exchange such information through the coordination of notified bodies group established under Article 36 of Regulation (EU) 2016/425.


5.In the case of medical devices, the possibility for Member States to authorise derogations from conformity assessment procedures should also be considered, according to Article 11(13) of Directive 93/42/EEC and Article 59 of Regulation (EU) 2017/745 once the latter becomes applicable, also when the intervention of a notified body is not required.


MARKET SURVEILLANCE PROCEDURES


6.The relevant market surveillance authorities in the Member States should as a matter of priority focus on non-compliant PPE or medical devices raising serious risks as to the health and safety of their intended users.


7.Where market surveillance authorities find that PPE or medical devices ensure an adequate level of health and safety in accordance with the essential requirements laid down in Regulation (EU) 2016/425 or the requirements of Directive 93/42/EEC or Regulation (EU) 2017/745, even though the conformity assessment procedures, including the affixing of CE marking have not been fully finalised according to the harmonised rules, they may authorise the making available of these products on the Union market for a limited period of time and while the necessary procedures are being carried out.


8.PPE or medical devices not bearing the CE marking could also be assessed and part of a purchase organised by the relevant Member State authorities provided that is ensured that such products are only available for the healthcare workers for the duration of the current health crisis and that they are not entering the regular distribution channels and made available to other users.


9.Market surveillance authorities should inform immediately the Commission and other Member States of any temporary arrangement they have granted to specific PPE or medical devices. For PPE, this should be done through the Information and Communication System for Market Surveillance (ICSMS).

Done at Brussels, 13 March 2020.


For the Commission

Thierry BRETON

Member of the Commission




翻译版供参考,具体请以英文原版为准:

COVID-19威胁范围内的合格评定和市场监督程序


欧洲委员会,考虑到《欧洲联盟运作条约》,特别是其第292条,鉴于:


1、在当前的COVID-19全球爆发以及病毒在欧盟各个地区的快速传播的背景下,对个人防护设备(以下称“ PPE”)的需求,例如口罩,手套,防护工作服或眼镜防护以及用于外科口罩,探查手套和某些礼服等医疗设备的数量呈指数增长。特别是,由于通过现有渠道以及通过新渠道的需求呈指数增长,某些类型的PPE(例如一次性口罩)的供应链承受着巨大的压力。此外,此类产品的全球供应链也遭受了严重破坏,这也引起了欧盟市场的反响。


2、牢记欧盟公民的健康和安全是重中之重,因此,确保向最需要的人迅速提供最适当的个人防护设备和医疗设备,以确保提供足够的保护,这一点至关重要。


3、活跃于整个欧盟的经济运营商正在不懈努力,以提高各自的制造和分销能力。为了减轻各种破坏性因素的影响,经济运营商正在通过启动新的生产线和/或使其供应商基础多样化来重新设计其供应链。如果供应增加而没有任何不适当的延误,则工业利益相关者的这些努力将无法发挥全部作用。


4、有关个人防护设备的设计,制造和投放市场的要求,由欧洲议会和理事会于2016年3月9日颁布的第(EU)2016/425号条例(关于个人防护设备)以及废除理事会第89/686号指令规定/ EEC  (1)。


5、1993年6月14日关于医疗器械的理事会指令93/42 / EEC对医疗器械的设计,制造和投放市场提出了要求  (2)。欧洲议会和2017年4月5日关于医疗器械的理事会(EU)2017/745条例,该指令2001/83 / EC,条例(EC)178/2002和条例(EC)的修订已废除该指令1223/2009和废除理事会指令90/385 / EEC和93/42 / EEC  (3),自2020年5月26日起生效。


6、一次性和可重复使用的口罩,可防止颗粒物危害,一次性和可重复使用的工作服,手套和眼镜防护,用于预防和防止有害生物制剂(如病毒)属于本法规范围内的产品(欧盟)2016/425。


7、外科口罩,检查手套和某些长袍类型的产品属于93/42 / EEC指令和2017/745法规(EU)的范围。


8、在发生COVID-19威胁的情况下,此类PPE和医疗设备对于参与遏制病毒并避免其进一步传播的医护人员,急救人员和其他人员至关重要。


9、(EU)2016/425法规充分协调了PPE的设计,制造和投放市场的规则,并根据PPE的类别(取决于其所面临的风险)对PPE提出了一些基本的健康和安全要求旨在保护用户。因此,根据法规(EU)2016/425制造的PPE物品可以在整个内部市场自由流通,成员国不得对此类产品的制造和投放市场引入额外的和不同的要求。


10、93/42 / EEC指令和(EU)2017/745法规充分协调了医疗器械联盟市场的设计,制造和销售规则,并根据以下内容建立了一些基本要求以及一般安全和性能要求根据受器械预期用途支配的特定规则对医疗器械进行分类。因此,根据理事会指令93/42 / EEC和法规(EU)2017/745制造的设备可以在整个内部市场自由流通,成员国不得对此类设备的制造和投放市场引入额外的和不同的要求产品。


11、PPE旨在防止有害生物制剂,如病毒在法规附件I(EU)四百二十五分之二千零十六为III类,其中包括完全可能导致的风险上市“非常严重的后果,如死亡或不可逆的损害健康 ” 。


12、除非适用特定规则,否则与非侵入性设备相关的医疗设备属于I类。


13、根据(EU)2016/425号法规第8条,为了将PPE产品投放市场,制造商应执行适用的合格评定程序,并在符合条件的情况下证明符合适用的基本健康和安全要求按照适当的程序,贴上CE标志。


14、根据指令93/42 / EEC的第11条和(EU)2017/745法规的第52条,一旦后者适用,为了将医疗设备投放市场,制造商应执行适用的合格评定程序并且,如果通过适当的程序证明符合适用的基本要求或一般安全和性能要求,请贴上CE标志。会员国可应正当理由要求批准从合格评定程序中减损,以便在有关会员国领土内投放市场并在使用中保护受保护的单个设备健康。


15、法规(EU)2016/425在技术上是中立的,没有为PPE产品的设计规定任何特定的强制性技术解决方案。相反,法规(EU)2016/425的附件II规定了基本的健康和安全要求,PPE应该满足这些基本要求,以便能够投放市场并在整个欧盟市场上自由流通。


16、93/42 / EEC指令和法规(EU)2017/745在技术上是中立的,没有为医疗设备的设计规定任何特定的强制性技术解决方案。相反,指令93/42 / EEC的附件I设置了基本要求,法规(EU)2017/745的附件I设置了一般安全性和性能要求,医疗设备应满足这些要求才能将其放置在市场,并在整个欧盟市场上自由流通。


17、(EU)2016/425号法规第14条为制造商提供了依赖特定技术解决方案的可能性,这些解决方案在统一标准或其部分中进行了详细说明,其参考文献已在《欧盟官方杂志》上发表。根据本条,如果制造商选择采用这样的技术解决方案,则假定个人防护设备符合上述统一标准或其部分所涵盖的基本健康和安全要求。但是,并非必须遵守协调标准。制造商可以自由选择其他技术解决方案,前提是保留的特定解决方案可确保PPE符合适用的基本健康和安全要求。


18、指令93/42 / EEC的第5条和法规(EU)2017/745的第8条为制造商提供了依赖特定技术解决方案的可能性,这些解决方案在统一标准或其部分中作了详细说明,其参考文献已在欧盟官方杂志。根据本条,如果制造商选择采用这种技术解决方案,则假定医疗器械符合上述协调标准或其部分所涵盖的要求。但是,并非必须遵守协调标准。制造商可以自由选择其他技术解决方案,前提是保留的特定解决方案可确保医疗设备符合适用的基本健康和安全要求。


19、(EU)2016/425号法规第19条规定了具体的合格评定程序,该程序适用于不同类别的PPE。根据本条,第三类个人防护装备的项目,例如旨在防止有害生物制剂的项目,应进行合格评定程序的特定组合,分别在同一法规的附件V,VII和VIII中进行描述。可能使用的每种不同的合格评定程序都需要第三方合格评定机构的强制参与。


20、93/42 / EEC指令的第11条和法规(EU)2017/745的第52条一旦适用,就制定适用于不同类别医疗设备的特定合格评定程序。根据这些条款,属于第一类的医疗设备(定制或研究用设备除外)应接受EC合格声明的合格评定程序,而无需第三方合格评定机构的参与。


21、公告机构是成员国指定的合格评定机构,并有权执行法规(EU)2016/425中的第三方合格评定任务。根据第(EU)2016/425号法规第26条第4款和附件V第7点(f)的规定,指定机构必须评估PPE产品是否符合适用的基本健康和安全要求。认证机构不仅需要在制造商采用统一标准的地方进行评估,还需要在制造商遵循其他技术解决方案的情况下进行评估。交付合格评定证书时,指定机构必须通知其通知当局,也可能需要将其签发的证书通知其他指定机构,


22、因此,公告机构应评估根据其他技术解决方案生产的产品(例如,世卫组织关于适当选择个人防护装备的建议中所包含的产品)是否也符合适用的基本健康和安全要求。考虑到确保个人防护装备供应链中所有利益相关者之间有效信息交换的重要性,公告机构得出结论认为,遵循另一项特定标准或技术解决方案的个人防护装备符合适用于其的基本健康和安全要求,这些信息将有助于快速评估根据同一特定标准或技术解决方案生产的其他产品。为此,


23、此外,根据法规(EU)2016/425中的相关市场监督程序,尤其是其中的第38(1)和(2)条,如果市场监督机构遇到非CE标志的PPE产品,则需要对其进行评估它。市场评估机构在评估过程中发现个人防护设备不符合本规章的要求时,应要求经济经营者采取纠正措施以使个人防护设备符合要求或召回或撤回它,与风险的性质相称。他们还应将评估结果以及他们要求经济经营者采取的行动告知委员会和其他成员国。


24、因此,为了解决在COVID-19爆发时(非CE标志的PPE打算进入欧盟市场)所必需的PPE短缺的问题,相关的市场监督机构应对产品进行评估,如果发现这些产品属于符合相关法规所规定的基本健康与安全要求的人员,应采取措施,在有限的时间内或在与指定机构进行合格评定程序的同时,将此类PPE投放到欧盟市场。为了确保可以在其他会员国提供此类产品,并考虑到确保有效交换信息以及对对公民健康和安全的所有威胁作出协调反应的重要性,


25、考虑到在COVID-19爆发中使用的某些类型的PPE或医疗设备也可能用于其他目的,有必要使会员国采取一切适当措施,以确保不携带PPE或医疗设备的医疗设备。根据本建议书第8段可以在欧盟市场上投放的CE标记仅提供给医护人员,


通过了此建议:


1.为了确保在COVID-19爆发中提供个人防护设备和医疗设备以提供适当的保护,委员会邀请整个供应链中的所有经济运营商以及指定机构和市场监督机构在其部署中采取所有措施处置以支持旨在确保整个欧盟市场的个人防护设备和医疗设备的供应与不断增长的需求相匹配的工作。但是,此类措施不应对整体健康和安全水平产生不利影响,所有相关利益相关方应确保投放到欧盟市场的任何个人防护设备或医疗设备继续为用户提供足够的保护水平' 健康和安全。


合格评定程序


2、根据(EU)2016/425号条例的指定机构,应优先考虑并迅速进行PPE经济运营商在保护COVID-19时应保护的PPE经济运营商所有新提交的要求中的合格评定活动。

 

3、对于遵循非统一标准的技术解决方案生产的PPE产品,只要这些技术解决方案确保足够的保护水平,WHO关于适当选择PPE的建议可以用作此类技术解决方案的潜在参考来源。符合法规(EU)2016/425规定的适用基本健康与安全要求。

 

4、向遵循统一标准以外的其他技术解决方案生产的PPE产品颁发证书的认证机构,应立即将其颁发的证书和遵循的具体技术解决方案通知相关的通报机构以及根据(EU)2016/425条的其他认证机构。公告机构应通过根据法规(EU)2016/425第36条成立的公告机构小组的协调来交换此类信息。

 

5,就医疗器械而言,根据指令93/42 / EEC第11(13)条和法规(EU)2017/745的第59条,还应考虑成员国授权从合格评定程序中减损的可能性。后者在不需要指定机构介入的情况下也适用。

市场监督程序

 

6、成员国的相关市场监督机构应优先关注不合规的个人防护设备或医疗设备,这些设备会对其预期用户的健康和安全造成严重风险。

 

7、市场监督机构发现PPE或医疗设备可确保根据(EU)2016/425法规或93/42 / EEC指令或2017(EU)法规的基本要求确保足够的健康和安全水平/ 745,即使尚未按照协调规则完全完成包括CE标志在内的合格评定程序,它们仍可以授权在限定的时间内在欧盟市场上提供这些产品程序正在执行中。

 

8、不带CE标志的PPE或医疗设备也可以进行评估,并由相关成员国当局组织购买的一部分,前提是要确保此类产品仅在当前健康危机期间可供医护人员使用,并确保它们没有进入常规分销渠道,并可供其他用户使用。

 

9、市场监督机构应立即将其授予特定PPE或医疗设备的任何临时安排告知委员会和其他成员国。对于个人防护设备,应通过用于市场监视的信息和通信系统(ICSMS)来完成。




欧盟成员国名单(27国):




奥地利、比利时、保加利亚、塞浦路斯、捷克、克罗地亚、丹麦、爱沙尼亚、芬兰、法国、德国、希腊、匈牙利、爱尔兰、意大利、拉脱维亚、罗马尼亚、立陶宛、卢森堡、马耳他、荷兰、波兰、葡萄牙、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚、西班牙、瑞典。


(文章来源@搜航网)

1
咨询
官方微信群
官方客服

扫码添加,立即咨询

加群
官方微信群
官方微信群

扫码添加,拉你进群

更多
订阅号服务号跨境资讯
二维码

为你推送和解读最前沿、最有料的跨境电商资讯

二维码

90% 亚马逊卖家都在关注的微信公众号

二维码

精选今日跨境电商头条资讯

回顶部