史上最严！美国SAFE法案突袭：进口商规则或迎来彻底大变天！

WASHINGTON — U.S. Senator Bill Cassidy, M.D. (R-LA) introduced the Securing Accountability in Foreign Entries (SAFE) Act, which would ensure the U.S. customs system provides fair and enforceable conditions for reliable trade partners to access the U.S. market.

“American markets should be safe from foreign fraudsters,” said Dr. Cassidy. “We’re making it easier to do business with the partners we trust, and harder for those we don’t.”

BACKGROUND                                                                                                       
For decades, U.S. customs law allowed foreign entities—without a meaningful U.S. presence—to act as importers of record (IOR). The SAFE Act ensures that only verifiable and accountable parties can serve as importers of record across all entry types, aligning bonding requirements with current trade system while recognizing the significant trading relations with trusted allies and partners. The bill enhances the integrity of the U.S. customs system and levels the playing field for compliant companies.

The SAFE Act is supported by the Coalition for a Prosperous America, Flexport, the International Trade Surety Association, the Alliance for Trade EnforcementNOW, and the Northern Border Customs Brokers Association.

“CPA strongly supports Senator Cassidy’s Securing Accountability in Foreign Entries Act because it rewinds a disastrous undermining of core customs principles. The concept of a ‘Non-Resident Importer’ is incompatible with the core principle of customs law that whomever is making customs declarations to an officer is someone that can be arrested for lying. Overseas, judgment-proof vendors should not be able to act as importers,” said Jon Toomey, President of the Coalition for a Prosperous America

“Right now, the U.S. is the only major economy that allows foreign companies to import without meaningful accountability. That creates a huge enforcement gap and an uneven playing field for businesses that are doing things the right way. The fix here is actually pretty simple. We should continue allowing foreign companies to import into the U.S., but require basic accountability—like establishing a U.S. subsidiary, having at least one local employee, and a U.S. bank account. That’s a common-sense standard that would weed out bad actors while still supporting open trade,” said Ryan Petersen, Founder and CEO of Flexport

“The International Trade Surety Association recognizes the need for new legislation and enhanced CBP processes to meet the increasingly fraudulent use of Non-Resident-Importer privileges and the ability to easily create new importers of record that later are found to be insolvent shell companies.  This legislation provides new tools important for protecting US revenue and enforcement of law,” said the International Trade Surety Association

“The Alliance for Trade EnforcementNOW supports the Securing Accountability in Foreign Entries (SAFE) Act. The Alliance’s platform reflects the lived experience of companies and industry associations that operate in compliance with trade laws and rely on effective enforcement to compete fairly and sustain their businesses. Importer transparency, traceable financial responsibility, and clear jurisdictional accountability are not only practical requirements for a fair trading environment – they are necessary conditions for the viability of American industry,” said David Rashid, Founding Member of the Alliance for Trade EnforcementNOW

“The Northern Border Customs Brokers Association appreciates the opportunity to participate in the dialogue surrounding the ‘Securing Accountability in Foreign Entries Act’ legislation and thanks Senator Cassidy and his staff for the engagement with stakeholders. We are particularly supportive of the legislation’s recognition of reciprocal relationships with trusted trading partners, including Canada. As an organization representing customs brokers operating along the northern border, we see firsthand the importance of reciprocity in promoting efficient, secure, and predictable cross‑border trade. Aligning treatment for reciprocal programs strengthens supply chains and reinforces longstanding economic and security partnerships between the United States and Canada,” said Brian Barber, President of the Northern Border Customs Brokers Association

译文：

华盛顿消息——美国参议员比尔·卡西迪博士（路易斯安那州，共和党）提出《外国进口通关问责安全法案》（SAFE Act），旨在确保美国海关体系为可信贸易伙伴进入美国市场提供公平、可执行的环境。

卡西迪博士表示：
“美国市场必须免受外国欺诈者的侵害。我们要让可信伙伴做生意更便利，让不可信的主体寸步难行。”
背景说明

几十年来，美国海关法律一直允许在美国无实际经营实体的外国企业担任进口商记录人（IOR）。
《SAFE法案》规定，只有可核验、可追责的主体，才能在所有通关类型中担任进口商记录人；在调整担保要求以适配现行贸易体系的同时，认可与可信盟友及伙伴的重要贸易关系。
该法案将提升美国海关体系的公正性，为合规企业创造公平竞争环境。
支持该法案的机构

• 繁荣美国联盟（CPA）

• Flexport

• 国际贸易担保协会

• 贸易执法联盟（Alliance for Trade EnforcementNOW）

• 北部边境报关行协会
各方表态

繁荣美国联盟主席 乔恩·图米：
“繁荣美国联盟强烈支持卡西迪参议员提出的《外国进口通关问责安全法案》，因为它纠正了对海关核心原则的严重破坏。‘非居民进口商’这一概念，与海关法的核心原则相悖——向海关官员申报的人，必须是能因虚假申报被追责的主体。在海外、无法被执行判决的供货商，不应当担任进口商。”

Flexport 创始人兼首席执行官 瑞安·彼得森：
“目前，美国是全球主要经济体中，唯一允许外国企业在无实质问责机制下进口的国家。这造成了巨大的执法漏洞，也让合规经营的企业处于不公平竞争环境。
解决方案其实很简单：我们可以继续允许外国企业对美进口，但要求其承担基本责任——例如设立美国子公司、拥有至少一名本地雇员、开设美国银行账户。这是常识性标准，既能清除不良主体，又能维护自由贸易。”

国际贸易担保协会：
“国际贸易担保协会认为，有必要通过新立法并强化美国海关与边境保护局（CBP）流程，应对日益猖獗的非居民进口商特权滥用问题，以及随意设立、后续被认定为无偿还能力空壳公司的进口商记录人现象。该立法为保护美国税收与执法提供了重要新工具。”

贸易执法联盟创始成员 戴维·拉希德：
“贸易执法联盟支持《外国进口通关问责安全法案》。联盟的立场，反映了合规经营、依赖有效执法实现公平竞争与持续经营的企业及行业协会的真实处境。
进口商透明度、可追溯的财务责任、明确的司法管辖问责，不仅是公平贸易环境的现实要求，更是美国产业生存的必要条件。”

北部边境报关行协会主席 布莱恩·巴伯：
“北部边境报关行协会感谢有机会参与围绕《外国进口通关问责安全法案》的讨论，并感谢卡西迪参议员及其团队与利益相关方的沟通。
我们尤其支持法案认可与包括加拿大在内的可信贸易伙伴的互惠关系。作为代表北部边境报关行的组织，我们亲眼见证了互惠原则对高效、安全、可预测跨境贸易的重要性。对互惠项目的待遇统一，将强化供应链，并巩固美加之间长期的经济与安全伙伴关系。”